Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) first began with a disruptive idea challenging their mutual fund counterparts, but maybe at the wrong time. Investment banks were resistant to the newcomer and not a fan of the funds' seemingly low-cost, free-range structure that made it more difficult to profit on. Despite its eventual success, the first-ever mutual fund $SPY was a slow burner just like its counterparts, and ETFs as a whole had only $2.4B under management by 1996. Things would soon begin to change quickly though. By 2003, there were 123 U.S.-listed ETFs, and about 1,000 by 2011. Today, there are over 2,800 publicly traded U.S. ETFs, collectively holding more than $6.4T in assets under management (AUM). That same trend toward change has persisted as ETFs continue to knock on the doors of mutual funds around the market, slowly displacing them in popularity. Recipe for change - ETFs have been on a tear over the last decade. Total net assets under management (AUM) by U.S. registered ETFs has grown by roughly 284% between 2013 and the end of 2022, while mutual funds have bloomed by just 47%.
- To be fair, mutual funds were already a heavy boat — coming in at $15T AUM back in 2013 and just over $22T as of now Eventually though, that barge is likely to find competition in the form of a younger, faster, more efficient cruiser — ETFs.
- Investors and fund managers alike are swapping their mutual funds in favor of ETFs. Fidelity is planning to convert 6 of its actively managed mutual funds (worth $13B) into ETFs this November, a move that would bring the total value of similar conversions to $100B over the last two years.
- Recent data corroborates this trend, showing mutual funds are en route to finishing the year with net outflows for the sixth consecutive year while ETFs continue to tack on the cash, already $200B in 2023.
- Why the shift? Basically, investors are starting to feel like less is more. ETFs often offer a lower expense ratio combined with greater liquidity relative to their mutual fund cousins, and fund managers are taking note of this.
- For now though, mutual funds aren't exactly going anywhere, but it's certainly worth noting the movement of the tides here and evaluating your own portfolio accordingly. There's a good chance you could be paying more in fees than you would be if you converted your mutual funds to a similar ETF.
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